Land terms M–P

The set of ongoing management clients producing recurring revenue; a floor under a cyclical practice.

What a willing buyer will actually pay a willing seller for a specific parcel today.

A title a reasonably prudent, properly advised buyer would accept and be able to pass on.

The published land-use plan for an authority's area, defining the zone applying to each parcel.

The published land-use plan for a planning area, assigning zones and setting out proposals against a horizon year.

Placing a buyer in a parcel that genuinely suits purpose, budget and horizon, rather than persuading them into one that does not.

A fact that would reasonably affect a buyer's decision, and which therefore must be disclosed.

A fact that would reasonably affect a party's decision and must therefore be disclosed.

A problem surfacing after terms are agreed; must be disclosed immediately to both sides in writing.

The factor applied to market value for rural land under the First Schedule — up to two, depending on distance from an urban area.

The revenue-record update that changes the recorded holder's name after a transfer, inheritance or gift. A fiscal act, not a title document.

Municipal corporation. Nagar Parishad and Nagar Palika are the council and board tiers.

Mutation — the process by which the revenue record is updated to show a new holder after a sale, death, gift, partition, exchange or decree. It is an administrative act with a fiscal purpose and does not itself transfer anything: title moves at registration of the deed, and mutation records that it has moved. The two errors are equally expensive — treating a mutation entry as proof of title, and failing to apply for mutation after a valid purchase.

Mutation — the revenue-record update showing a new holder after a transfer, death, gift or partition.

Land irrigated from a canal system. Unlike well irrigation, canal supply depends on the system functioning and on the release schedule, neither of which is within the holder's control. A नहरी classification therefore says less about the reliability of water than it appears to: the entry records entitlement to a source, not delivery of it in any given season.

Canal-irrigated land.

What actually remains after every deduction; the only figure that supports planning.

Formal demarcation of boundaries through the revenue authorities.

Converting all prices to a consistent per-usable-unit basis before comparison.

Categories who cannot purchase agricultural land but may inherit it, and may generally continue holding land acquired while resident.

The period after notice during which interested parties may object to a proposed mutation.

The proportion of available capacity actually sold; heavily seasonal in this segment.

Land reserved in an approved layout that cannot be sold as plots.

A right to buy at an agreed price within a period, exercisable only if the assembly completes.

Identifying a parcel on the ground by working outward from a fixed reference feature.

The original number before subdivision, often still quoted informally long after division.

Selling part of a holding rather than the whole, sometimes an alternative for a seller needing funds.

Division of a jointly held holding into separate shares, recorded in the revenue records.

A grant of rights over a plot, issued by the competent body — the gram panchayat for abadi land in a village, or the development authority or municipal body for plots in an approved layout. What a particular patta actually grants, and on what tenure, must be read from the document itself. An issuing body cannot grant what it has no power to grant, which is why a panchayat patta purporting to create a residential plot on an agricultural khasra creates nothing.

A grant of rights over a plot, issued in the village context by the gram panchayat for abadi land.

A grant of rights over a plot, issued by the competent body; tenure type must be read from the document.

Village-level revenue record keeper for a halka; maintains khasra, jamabandi entries and girdawari.

Extension of planning areas and revision of zones following infrastructure; slow and not predictable.

Finance for purchase of a non-agricultural residential plot, usually in an approved layout.

Whether land faces a main road or lies interior; commonly rated separately in a DLC schedule.

Negotiating from asserted numbers rather than evidence; slow to converge and often inconclusive.

Physical control of land. Strong in practice, but not proof of title on its own.

The authority granted to the developer to deal with authorities; must be narrow, specific and time-limited.

An event — succession, partition, expense, migration, failed cultivation — that typically precedes a decision to sell.

The notification identifying land proposed to be acquired, opening the objection stage.

Adding fixed costs after a good period, treating a favourable quarter as a stable trend.

The officer empowered to grant permission where a transfer is conditional rather than prohibited.

The relationship whereby a faster sale on an illiquid parcel requires accepting a lower price.

A permanent characteristic reducing value but not legality.

A regulatory classification under which certain agricultural lending, including to small and marginal farmers, is treated favourably.

The line between factual record work and legal opinion, which may not be crossed without qualification.

Insurance against claims arising from professional work; worth pricing once advising on substantial transactions.

The person developing and selling a real estate project, on whom the Act's obligations principally fall.

Looking after land or property on behalf of an absent owner, for a recurring fee.

A published invitation to claimants before completion; surfaces claims and evidences enquiry, but is not a guarantee.